DICOM PS3.3 2018a - Information Object Definitions

C.11.33 Advanced Blending Presentation State Module
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### C.11.33 Advanced Blending Presentation State Module

#### C.11.33.1 Advanced Blending Presentation State Module Attributes

Table C.11.33-1 contains Attributes that describe one or more inputs optionally one or more sets of registration objects, and the color and thresholds to be applied to them, for the purpose of blending.

Table C.11.33-1. Advanced Blending Presentation State Module Attributes

Attribute Name | Tag | Type | Attribute Description
--- | --- | --- | ---
Advanced Blending Sequence | (0070,1B01) | 1 | A Sequence of Items identifying the inputs and describing transformations of them. One or more Items shall be included in this Sequence. See Section C.11.33.1.1.
>Blending Input Number | (0070,1B02) | 1 | Identification number of the input. Values shall be ordinal numbers starting from 1 and monotonically increasing by 1 within the Advanced Blending Presentation State Instance.
>Study Instance UID | (0020,000D) | 1 | Unique identifier for the Study.
>Series Instance UID | (0020,000E) | 1 | Unique identifier of a Series that is part of the Study defined by the Study Instance UID (0020,000D)
>Referenced Image Sequence | (0008,1140) | 1C | The set of images comprising this input. One or more items shall be included in this sequence. Required if the input is not the entire set of instances in the series.
>>Include Table 10-3 “Image SOP Instance Reference Macro Attributes”
>Referenced Spatial Registration Sequence | (0070,0404) | 1C | A reference to a Spatial Registration Instance that is used to register the referenced inputs. Only one item shall be included in this sequence. Required if the Frame of Reference UID (0020,0052) value of the Images referenced by the Referenced Image Sequence (0008,1140) of this item does not match the Frame of Reference UID (0020,0052) value of this Presentation State Instance. May be present otherwise.
>>Include Table C.17-3 “Hierarchical SOP Instance Reference Macro Attributes”
>Include Table C.11.33.1-1 “Threshold Sequence Macro Attributes”
>Time Series Blending | (0070,1B07) | 1C | Whether this Series is a time series and every time point in this Series will be blended with the single volumes in the other Series specified in the Advanced Blending Sequence (0070,1B01). Enumerated Values: TRUE FALSE Only a single item in the Sequence may have the value TRUE Required if the input is a Time Series and all time points need to be blended with the other Series. May be present otherwise
>Geometry for Display | (0070,1B08) | 1C | Whether the geometry of this Series is used as the geometry for the blending operation. See Section C.11.33.1.1. Enumerated Values: TRUE FALSE Only a single item in the Sequence may have the value TRUE Required if the geometry of this input is to be used as the geometry for the blending operation. May be present otherwise.

##### C.11.33.1.1 Advanced Blending Sequence

The images to be blended are specified in the Advanced Blending Sequence (0070,1B01).

Geometry refers to the following attributes:

- Number of Frames (0028,0008)

- Rows (0028,0010)

- Columns (0028,0011)

- Pixel Aspect Ratio (0028,0034)

- Imager Pixel Spacing (0018,1164) (if applicable)

- Nominal Scanned Pixel Spacing (0018,2010) (if applicable)

- Slice Thickness (0018,0050)

- Spacing Between Slices (0018,0088)

The geometry of the output images shall match the geometry of the input specified as having the Geometry for Display (0070,1B08) as TRUE. If no input has Geometry for Display (0070,1B08) equal TRUE then the application shall choose which geometry to use.

If all inputs do not have the same frames, resolution, etc., the application determines the appropriate pixels to be blended. This implies that the blending result may vary between different applications. If consistent blending results are desired the inputs should be resampled in advance such that they have the same frames, resolution, etc.

This module specifies no explicit relationship (such as pairing or ordering) between the sets of images and frames defined in the sequence elements. This module does not define how the images are spatially related, and what re-sampling, if any, needs to be performed before the images are blended for rendering.

It is expected that blending takes place between pixels at the same position in space.

The images in the image sets may share the same Frame of Reference, in which case the rendering application can spatially relate the image sets based on their Image Position (Patient) (0020,0032) and Image Orientation (Patient) (0020,0037) Attributes.

If a spatial registration object is included in the Advanced Blending Sequence (0070,1B01) it shall be applied to the referenced input even if the Frame of Reference is the same, as small corrections might have taken place during post-processing.

If they are both missing the application will decide how to blend the inputs.

### Note

The underlying image for a superimposed segmentation image need not be the source image for the segmentation.

##### C.11.33.1.2 Threshold Sequence Macro

The Threshold Sequence is defining the values of the image that are used or ignored.

Table C.11.33.1-1. Threshold Sequence Macro Attributes

Attribute Name | Tag | Type | Attribute Description
--- | --- | --- | ---
Threshold Sequence | (0070,1B11) | 1C | Threshold specification for the image One or more Items shall be included in this Sequence. Required if Threshold needs to be applied.
>Threshold Type | (0070,1B13) | 1 | Type of threshold comparison used to determine the presence of a pixel value in the output. See Section C.11.33.1.2.1.
>Threshold Value Sequence | (0070,1B12) | 1 | Values for thresholding. If the Threshold Type (0070,1B13) is GREATER_OR_EQUAL, LESS_OR_EQUAL, GREATER_THAN or LESS_THAN only a single Item shall be included in this Sequence. If the Threshold Type (0070,1B13) is RANGE_INCL or RANGE_EXCL, exactly two Items shall be included in this Sequence, the first of which is less than or equal to the second.
>>Threshold Value | (0070,1B14) | 1 | Value for the threshold. See Section C.11.33.1.2.1. ### Note VR of Threshold Value is FD and if this is different than the VR of the pixels then format conversion is needed.

###### C.11.33.1.2.1 Threshold

The Threshold Type (0070,1B13) defines the pixel values that will be shown. Values that are not inside any of the specified Threshold Sequence (0070,1B11) Items shall be treated as padding pixels.

To describe a threshold that consists of more than one range, multiple items are specified in the Threshold Sequence (0070,1B11) Items.

When more than one item is specified in the Threshold Sequence (0070,1B11) the pixel shall be shown if any item specifies that the pixel shall be shown.

The number of Items in the Threshold Value Sequence (0070,1B12) and the use of Threshold Value (0070,1B14) depends on the value of the Threshold Type (0070,1B13) as follows:

Enumerated Values for Threshold Type (0070,1B13):

RANGE_INCL

  A pixel value shall be shown when the value lies between the specified values or is equal to one of the specified values.

RANGE_EXCL

  A pixel value shall be shown when the value lies outside (i.e. not between) the specified values.

GREATER_OR_EQUAL

  A pixel value shall be shown when the value is greater than or equal to the specified value.

LESS_OR_EQUAL

  A pixel value shall be shown when the value is less than or equal to the specified value.

GREATER_THAN

  A pixel value shall be shown when the value is greater than the specified value.

LESS_THAN

  A pixel value shall be shown when the value is less than the specified value.

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DICOM PS3.3 2018a - Information Object Definitions