8 Coding Schemes
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# 8 Coding Schemes

Table 8-1 lists the coding schemes (and their designators) defined for use in DICOM. Additionally, any coding scheme may be used that has an entry in the HL7 Registry of Coding Schemes (HL7 v2 Table 0396, or the equivalent online registry), in which case the HL7 Symbolic Name shall be used as the value for the Coding Scheme Designator in DICOM, as long as it does not conflict with an entry Table 8-1 and fits within the Value Representation of the DICOM Coding Scheme Designator (0008,0102) attribute. As specified in the HL7 v2 Table 0396, local or private coding schemes shall be identified by an alphanumeric identifier beginning with the characters "99".

### Note

1. An earlier version of this table was formerly contained in Annex D of PS3.3.

2. See Section 8.2 “Coding Scheme Designator and Coding Scheme Version” in PS3.3 for further description.

3. The Coding Scheme UIDs are provided for reference only; the normative specification of UIDs and their associated meaning is the responsibility of the coding scheme developer and/or HL7.

4. The HL7 registration of Coding Schemes is available at http://www.hl7.org/oid/index.cfm.

5. Publication of codes or references to coding schemes within DICOM does not constitute a grant of intellectual property rights to implementers. Use of some Coding Schemes may require a license, or purchase of the relevant coding scheme publication. Implementers should consult the relevant coding scheme publisher; see also Section 2.

Table 8-1. Coding Schemes

Coding Scheme Designator | Coding Scheme UID | Description
--- | --- | ---
ACR | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.76 | ACR Index for Radiological Diagnosis Revised, 3rd Edition 1986
ASTM-sigpurpose | 1.2.840.10065.1.12 | ASTM E 2084 Signature Purpose codes (see Annex A1 of ASTM E 2084), ASTM Subcommittee E 31.20 Data and System Security for Health Information
BARI |  | Bypass Angiography Revascularization Investigation, Alderman, EL and Stadius, M, Coronary Artery Disease 1992, 3:1189-1207; endorsed by ACC/AHA Guidelines for Coronary Angiography, J Am Coll Cardiol 1999, 33:1791
BI |  | ACR Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS®), Coding Scheme Version (0008,0103) is required; code values are section and paragraph identifiers within the publication where the code meaning is defined (e.g., "I.D.1", where I = Breast Imaging Lexicon, D = Special Cases, 1 = Tubular Density, as the code value for "Tubular Density"). ### Note In the HL7 registry, the abbreviation BI is assigned to a different coding scheme, specifically the Beth Israel problem list.
C4 | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.12 | American Medical Association's Current Procedure Terminology 4 (CPT-4)
C5 | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.82 | American Medical Association's Current Procedure Terminology 5 (CPT-5)
CD2 | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.13 | American Dental Association's (ADA) Current Dental Terminology 2 (CDT-2)
CTV3 | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.6 | NHS Clinical Terms Version 3 (Read Codes)
DCM | 1.2.840.10008.2.16.4 | DICOM Controlled Terminology; PS3.16 Content Mapping Resource, Annex D (Note that HL7 also specifies an OID of 2.16.840.1.113883.6.31, but deprecates it in favor of 1.2.840.10008.2.16.4).
DCMUID | 1.2.840.10008.2.6.1 | DICOM UID Registry
FMA | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.119 | Digital Anatomist Foundational Model of Anatomy
HPC | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.14 | Healthcare Financing Administration (HCFA) Common Procedure Coding System (HCPCS)
I10 | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.3 | International Classification of Diseases revision 10 (ICD-10)
I10P | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.4 | ICD-10 Procedure Coding System (ICD 10 PCS)
I9 | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.42 | International Classification of Diseases revision 9 (ICD-9)
I9C | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.2 | International Classification of Diseases revision 9, with Clinical Modifications (ICD-9-CM)
ISO639_1 | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.99 | Two-letter language codes ### Note HL7 uses "ISO639-1" for the symbolic name, with a hyphen rather than an underscore
ISO639_2 | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.100 | Three-letter language codes ### Note HL7 uses "ISO639-2" for the symbolic name, with a hyphen rather than an underscore
ISO3166_1 | 2.16.1 | ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 Country Codes ### Note HL7 uses "ISO3166-1" for the symbolic name, with a hyphen rather than an underscore
ISO5218_1 |  | Representation of Human Sexes (not used - see note)
ISO_OID |  | ISO/IEC 8824-1- Information Technology - Abstract Syntax 1 (ASN.1): Specification of Basic Notation, and ISO/IEC 9834-1 - Information technology - Open Systems Interconnection - Procedures for the operation of OSI Registration Authorities: General procedures and top arcs of the ASN.1 Object Identifier tree
LN | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.1 | Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes, Regenstrief Institute
MDC | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.24 | ISO/IEEE 11073 Medical Device Nomenclature, including all its subsections (-10101, -10102, etc.), encoded as decimal strings <partition>:<element>
MDNS |  | Universal Medical Device (UMD) Nomenclature System
MSH | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.177 | US National Library of Medicine (NLM) Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) See http://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html.
NBD | 2.16.840.1.113883.15.2 | NASPE/BPEG Defibrillator Code Bernstein AD, et al."The NASPE/BPEG Defibrillator Code" PACE, 16:1776-1780, 1993
NBG | 2.16.840.1.113883.15.3 | NASPE/BPEG Generic Pacemaker Code (2000) Bernstein AD, et al."The Revised NASPE/BPEG Generic Code for antibradycardia, adaptive-rate, and multisite pacing." Pacing Clin Electrophysiol., 25:260-264, 2002 See http://www.hrsonline.org/​Practice-Guidance/​Clinical-Guidelines-Documents/​2002-The-Revised-NASPE-BPEG-​Generic-Code-for-Antibradycardia-​AdaptiveRate-and-Multisite-Pacing.
NCDR |  | American College of Cardiology National Cardiovascular Data Registry™ Cath Lab Module Version 1.1, 1997; Version 2.0b, 1999
NCIt | 2.16.840.1.113883.3.26.1.1 | NCI Thesaurus. See http://ncit.nci.nih.gov/
NEU | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.210 | NeuroNames. The numeric brainInfoID is used as the code value. See http://braininfo.rprc.washington.edu/aboutBrainInfo.aspx#NeuroNames
NICIP | 2.16.840.1.113883.2.1.3.2.4.21 | UK National Health Service National Interim Clinical Imaging Procedures (NICIP) Short Code (e.g., "CCHAPC" for CT Thorax abdomen pelvis with contrast)
NPI |  | HCFA National Provider Identifier
POS | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.50 | HCFA Place of Service (POS) Codes for Professional Claims
RADLEX | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.256 | RadLex
RFC3066 | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.121 | RFC 3066, Tags for the Identification of Languages, Internet Engineering Task Force ### Note HL7 uses "IETF3066" for the symbolic name.
99SDM | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.53 | SNOMED DICOM Microglossary (Retired) (see Section 8.1)
SCPECG |  | Standard Communications Protocol for Computer-Assisted Electrocardiography, Draft proposal for ISO Standard, AAMI, Revision 1.3
SNM3 | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.51 | SNOMED International Version 3 (see Section 8.1)
SCT | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.96 | SNOMED-CT, using the CT code values
SRT | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.96 | SNOMED-CT, using the "SNOMED-RT style" code values (see Section 8.1) ### Note HL7 uses "SNM" for the symbolic name.
UCUM | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.8 | Unified Code for Units of Measure
UMLS | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.86 | UMLS codes as CUIs making up the values in a coding system
UPC | 2.16.840.1.113883.6.55 | Universal Product Code - Universal Code Council

### Note

Coding Scheme Designator ISO5218_1 was improperly specified in earlier editions of the standard. The codes attributed to that coding scheme have been added to the DICOM Controlled Terminology, and thus all references to coding scheme ISO5218_1 should be considered equivalent to coding scheme DCM.

## 8.1 SNOMED

SNOMED (the Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine) is the preferred coding system within DICOM for anatomy, clinical findings, procedures, pharmaceutical/biologic products (including contrast agents), and other clinical terms.

### Note

SNOMED is a registered trademark of the International Health Terminology Standards Development Organisation .

SNOMED has had various versions, including SNOMED International (Version 3), which was issued in 1993 and revised through 1998, SNOMED Reference Terminology, the successor to SNOMED 3 that was published between 1999 and 2001, and SNOMED Clinical Terms, which has been the name since 2002. The coding scheme is fully backward-compatible across SNOMED 3, SNOMED-RT, and SNOMED CT. SNOMED CT introduced a solely numeric set of codes (ConceptID) in addition to the former alphanumeric codes (SnomedID), but all SNOMED terminology concepts have both a numeric and an alphanumeric code.

In previous editions of the DICOM Standard, the following Coding Scheme Designators were used for SNOMED codes in DICOM:

- "99SDM", denoting the provisional SNOMED DICOM Microglossary

- "SNM3", denoting SNOMED International (Version 3)

- "SRT", originally denoting SNOMED-RT

All uses of SNOMED coded terms in DICOM are now indicated by the Coding Scheme Designator "SRT", identifying them as SNOMED CT terms using the "SNOMED-RT style" alphanumeric code values, with some exceptions:

- The “Nuclear Medicine Image IOD” in PS3.3 and “Positron Emission Tomography Image IOD” in PS3.3 in some code sequences require the Coding Scheme Designator "99SDM" as an Enumerated Value (see PS3.3).

- The Mammography View Codes of CID 4014 “View for Mammography” and CID 4015 “View Modifier for Mammography” may use the Coding Scheme Designator "SNM3" for implementation adherence to regulatory approvals.

Consequently, when a Coding Scheme Designator of "99SDM" or "SNM3" is encountered, it shall be treated as equivalent to "SRT" for the purpose of interpreting the Code Value.

### Note

"SRT" as a coding scheme designator is used only in the DICOM Standard. HL7v2 did not standardize a coding scheme designator for SNOMED-RT.

When interoperating with systems that use SNOMED CT codes obtained from a source other than the DICOM Standard, Application Entities may receive Code Sequences with a Coding Scheme Designator of "SNOMED-CT" and a numeric ConceptID code. It is the responsibility of such Application Entities to convert any such codes to the alphanumeric SnomedID with Coding Scheme Designator "SRT" for use in DICOM objects and services.

### 8.1.1 Use of SNOMED Anatomic Concepts

In general, DICOM uses the anatomic concepts with the term "structure", rather than with the term "entire". This is an important distinction in SNOMED. "Entire" is a child concept to "structure", has a more restricted meaning, and typically is used in conjunction with treatments (e.g., "excision of entireright kidney"). It is used in distinction to other sibling children of the parent concept that may identify parts of the parent anatomic feature. Since imaging typically targets both the anatomic feature and the area around it, or sometimes just part of the anatomic feature, DICOM usually uses "structure" concepts that are more inclusive than the "entire" concepts.

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