C.32 Display System Modules
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## C.32 Display System Modules

### C.32.1 Display System Module

This Module describes the Display System.

Table C.32.1-1. Display System Module Attributes

Attribute Name | Tag | Description
--- | --- | ---
Manufacturer | (0008,0070) | Manufacturer of the Display System.
Institution Name | (0008,0080) | Institution where the Display System is located.
Institution Address | (0008,0081) | Mailing address of institution where the Display System is located.
Device Serial Number | (0018,1000) | Manufacturer's serial number of the Display System. ### Note The components of the Display System may also have their own serial numbers.
Station Name | (0008,1010) | User defined name identifying the Display System.
Institutional Department Name | (0008,1040) | Department name in the institution where the Display System is located.
Manufacturer's Model Name | (0008,1090) | Manufacturer's model name of the Display System.
Equipment Administrator Sequence | (0028,7000) | Point of contact for problems with the equipment. Zero or more Items shall be included in this sequence.
>Person Name | (0040,A123) | Name of the person or role that is administrating the equipment.
>Include Table 10-1 “Person Identification Macro Attributes Description” |
Number of Display Subsystems | (0028,7001) | Number of Display Subsystems in the Display System.
Display Subsystem Sequence | (0028,7023) | Description of each Display Subsystem. One or more Items shall be included in this sequence.
>Display Subsystem ID | (0028,7003) | Number that identifies a specific display subsystem within a Display System. The value shall be unique within the Display Subsystem Sequence (0028,7023).
>Display Subsystem Name | (0028,7004) | User-defined name for the Display Subsystem.
>Display Subsystem Description | (0028,7005) | A free text description of the Display Subsystem.
>Display Device Type Code Sequence | (0028,7022) | Type of technology used in the Display Device
>>Include Table 8.8-1 “Code Sequence Macro Attributes” | Baseline CID 8303 “Display Device Type”.
>Manufacturer | (0008,0070) | Manufacturer of the Display Device in the Display Subsystem. If the Display Subsystem is provided integrated into the Display System (e.g. for a tablet) and the Manufacturer is not otherwise known, the Manufacturer of the Display System may be recorded here. ### Note Each Display Subsystem is considered to have a single Display Device.
>Device Serial Number | (0018,1000) | Manufacturer's serial number of the Display Device (i.e. monitor device) in the Display Subsystem. If the Display Subsystem is provided integrated into the Display System (e.g. for a tablet) and the Device Serial Number is not otherwise known, the Device Serial Number of the Display System may be recorded here.
>Manufacturer's Model Name | (0008,1090) | Manufacturer's model name of the Display Device in the Display Subsystem. If the Display Subsystem is provided integrated into the Display System (e.g. for a tablet) and the Model Name is not otherwise known, the Model Name of the Display System may be recorded here.
>System Status | (0028,7006) | Current overall status of the Display Subsystem. See Section C.32.1.1 for Defined Terms.
>System Status Comment | (0028,7007) | A free text comment about the status of the Display Subsystem.
>Display Subsystem Configuration Sequence | (0028,700A) | Available Display Subsystem Configurations. One or more Items shall be included in this Sequence.
>>Configuration ID | (0028,700B) | Number that identifies a specific display subsystem configuration within the Display Subsystem Configuration Sequence (0028,700A). The value shall be unique within the Display Subsystem Configuration Sequence (0028,700A).
>>Configuration Name | (0028,700C) | User-defined name for the Display Subsystem Configuration.
>>Configuration Description | (0028,700D) | A free text description of the Display Subsystem Configuration.
>>Referenced Target Luminance Characteristics ID | (0028,700E) | References the intended luminance characteristics for this Configuration of this Display Subsystem. The value is the Luminance Characteristics ID (0028,7009) within the Target Luminance Characteristics Sequence (0028,7008) of the Luminance Characteristics Module.
>Current Configuration ID | (0028,7002) | References the current configuration of the Display Subsystem. The value is the Configuration ID (0028,700B) of the item in the Display Subsystem Configuration Sequence (0028,700A).
>Measurement Equipment Sequence | (0028,7012) | Describes measurement equipment (if any) built into the Display Subsystem. Zero or more items shall be included in this sequence.
>>Measurement Functions | (0028,7013) | Measurement functions of the measurement equipment. Enumerated Values: PHOTOMETER measurement of light intensity COLORIMETER measurement of energy along the visible spectrum ILLUMINOMETER measurement of illumination (ambient luminance) This multi-valued attribute shall contain at most one of each enumerated value. When multiple values are present, the equipment is capable of performing multiple functions.
>>Measured Characteristics | (0028,7026) | Characteristic(s) which are measured by the measurement equipment. Enumerated Values: UNIFORMITY Luminance uniformity LUMINANCE Luminance CHROMATICITY Chromaticity ILLUMINANCE Illuminance This multi-valued attribute shall contain at most one of each enumerated value. When multiple values are present, the equipment is capable of measuring multiple characteristics.
>>Measurement Equipment Type | (0028,7014) | Type of measurement equipment. See Section C.32.1.2 for Enumerated Values.
>>Manufacturer | (0008,0070) | Manufacturer of the measurement equipment.
>>Manufacturer's Model Name | (0008,1090) | Manufacturer's model name of the measurement equipment.
>>Device Serial Number | (0018,1000) | The measurement equipment serial number.
>>DateTime of Last Calibration | (0018,1202) | Date and time of the last calibration of the measurement equipment. ### Note This is likely different than the date of the calibration of the Display Subsystem itself.

#### C.32.1.1 System Status

Defined Terms for System Status (0028,7006):

NORMAL

  Device performance is within specified limits

WARNING

  Device performance improvement/re-calibration is appropriate

ADJUST

  Correction required; may be performed by trained staff

FAILURE

  Service required

UNKNOWN

  Unable to obtain status from the device

It is up to the implementation how to set the System Status (0028,7006) based on the contents of the status code sequences.

#### C.32.1.2 Measurement Equipment Type

Enumerated Values for Measurement Equipment Type (0028,7014):

BUILT_IN_FRONT

  The sensor is located on the front of the surface of a display device

BUILT_IN_BACK

  The sensor is located inside the display device

NEAR_RANGE

  The sensor is held at a close distance from the surface of the display device

TELESCOPIC

  The sensor is aimed toward the display device from a distance of about 1 meter

See [IEC 62563-1], Annex B, section B.2.1 to B.2.4 for examples of these types.

### C.32.2 Target Luminance Characteristics Module

This Module is a library of target luminance characteristics to be achieved in the calibration of specific configurations of specific Display Subsystems.

Table C.32.2-1. Target Luminance Characteristics Module Attributes

Attribute Name | Tag | Description
--- | --- | ---
Target Luminance Characteristics Sequence | (0028,7008) | Target luminance characteristics to which the Display Subsystem can be calibrated. One or more Items shall be included in this sequence.
>Luminance Characteristics ID | (0028,7009) | Number that identifies this Luminance Characteristics item. The value shall be unique within the Target Luminance Characteristics Sequence (0028,7008).
>Display Function Type | (0028,7019) | The type of Display Function used to define the target luminance curve. See Section C.32.2.1 for Enumerated Values.
>Target Minimum Luminance | (0028,701D) | The minimum luminance value of the target luminance curve, in candelas per square meter (cd/m2).
>Target Maximum Luminance | (0028,701E) | The maximum luminance value of the target luminance curve, in candelas per square meter (cd/m2).
>Gamma Value | (0028,701A) | The Gamma value for generating the target luminance curve. Required if the value of Display Function Type (0028,7019) is GAMMA.
>Number of Luminance Points | (0028,701B) | The number of luminance points in the user defined target luminance curve. Required if the value of Display Function Type (0028,7019) is USER_DEFINED.
>Luminance Response Sequence | (0028,701C) | Luminance Response Values for the user defined target luminance curve. The number of Items shall match the value of Number of Luminance Points (0028,701B). Required if the value of Display Function Type (0028,7019) is USER_DEFINED.
>>DDL Value | (0028,7017) | The integer Digital Driving Level (DDL) for this luminance value. The DDL Value for the first item in the sequence shall be 0. The DDL Value of the last item in the sequence shall be the maximum DDL value. Two items in the sequence shall not have the same DDL value. The DDL Value of the items in the sequence shall increase monotonically.
>>Luminance Value | (0028,701F) | Luminance in candelas per square meter (cd/m2) corresponding to the DDL Value.
>Luminance Response Description | (0028,7020) | User defined text to describe the user defined target luminance curve.
>CIExy White Point | (0028,7018) | A single measured White Point recorded for the Display Subsystem. The white point is recorded as a CIE xy chromaticity with two dimensionless floating point values where the first is the x value and the second is the y value.
>Reflected Ambient Light | (2010,0160) | Reflected ambient light in candelas per square meter (cd/m2) when the measurements were taken.
>Ambient Light Value Source | (0028,7025) | Source of the reflected ambient light value. Enumerated Values: DEFAULT a configured default value was used. MEASURED the value was measured at the time of the other measurements. PROVIDED the value was provided by an external source. Required if Reflected Ambient Light (2010,0160) is present.

#### C.32.2.1 Display Function Type

Enumerated Values for Display Function Type (0028,7019):

GSDF

  Grayscale Display Function; see PS3.14.

CIELAB

  See CIE 1976 (L*,a*,b*) and CIELab Color Space by Gernot Huffman 1948.

GAMMA

  Luminance has a power law response curve.

LINEAR

  Luminance has a linear response curve.

LOG10

  Luminance has a logarithmic response curve

SRGB

  See "A Standard Default Color Space for the Internet - sRGB" - http://www.w3.org/Graphics/Color/sRGB.

USER_DEFINED

  Points of the luminance curve are defined by the user.

### C.32.3 QA Results Module

This module records the latest results of QA activities, such as calibration, performed on the Display Subsystems.

Table C.32.3-1. QA Results Module Attributes

Attribute Name | Tag | Description
--- | --- | ---
QA Results Sequence | (0028,700F) | Results of QA activities. Exactly one item shall be included for each Display Subsystem present in the Display System.
>Display Subsystem ID | (0028,7003) | The Display Subsystem ID of the item in the Display Subsystem Sequence (0028,7023) to which these results apply.
>Display Subsystem QA Results Sequence | (0028,7010) | Results of QA activities for the identified Display Subsystem. Zero or more items shall be included in this sequence.
>>Configuration ID | (0028,700B) | The Configuration ID of the item in the Display Subsystem Configuration Sequence (0028,700A) under which the QA was performed. A given Configuration ID value shall not appear more than once in this sequence.
>>Configuration QA Results Sequence | (0028,7011) | Results of QA activities for the identified Display Subsystem in the identified configuration
>>>Display Calibration Result Sequence | (0028,7016) | The most recent calibration result. Zero or one item shall be included in this sequence.
>>>>Include Table C.32.3.1-1 “Display QA Result Context Macro Attributes”
>>>>Luminance Characteristics ID | (0028,7009) | The Luminance Characteristics ID of the item in the Target Luminance Characteristics Sequence (0028,7008) that represents the target values used during this calibration.
>>>Visual Evaluation Result Sequence | (0028,7015) | The most recent visual evaluation result. Zero or one item shall be included in this sequence.
>>>>Include Table C.32.3.1-1 “Display QA Result Context Macro Attributes”
>>>>Include Table C.32.3.2-1 “Visual Evaluation Result Macro Attributes”
>>>Luminance Uniformity Result Sequence | (0028,7027) | The most recent luminance uniformity result. Zero or one item shall be included in this sequence.
>>>>Include Table C.32.3.1-1 “Display QA Result Context Macro Attributes”
>>>>Include Table C.32.3.3-1 “Luminance Uniformity Result Macro Attributes”
>>>Luminance Result Sequence | (0028,7024) | The most recent luminance result. Zero or one item shall be included in this sequence.
>>>>Include Table C.32.3.1-1 “Display QA Result Context Macro Attributes”
>>>>Include Table C.32.3.4-1 “Luminance Result Macro Attributes”

### Note

Several Result Sequences in the above table are permitted to contain zero items. This means that no valid "most recent result" exists. This may be because such results have never been generated, or because the system considers that the most recent result is no longer valid (perhaps due to age or intervening equipment changes). Specifying such policy is outside the scope of DICOM.

#### C.32.3.1 Display QA Result Context Macro

This macro records the context for a set of collected display QA results: when they were produced, the person/device that produced them.

Table C.32.3.1-1. Display QA Result Context Macro Attributes

Attribute Name | Tag | Description
--- | --- | ---
Performed Procedure Step Start DateTime | (0040,4050) | Date and Time at which the QA job that generated the results started.
Performed Procedure Step End DateTime | (0040,4051) | Date and Time at which the QA job that generated the results ended.
Actual Human Performer Sequence | (0040,4035) | Human performer(s) responsible for the results. Zero or more Items shall be included in this sequence.
>Human Performer Code Sequence | (0040,4009) | Coded identification of the human performer. Only a single Item shall be included in this sequence.
>>Include Table 8.8-1 “Code Sequence Macro Attributes” | No Baseline Context ID is defined.
>Human Performer's Name | (0040,4037) | Name of the human performer.
>Human Performer's Organization | (0040,4036) | Organization to which the human performer is accountable for the results.
Measurement Equipment Sequence | (0028,7012) | Describes the measurement equipment (if any) used in deriving the results. This may describe standalone equipment or may re-iterate details of equipment built into the Display System. Zero or more items shall be included in this sequence.
>Measurement Functions | (0028,7013) | Measurement functions of the measurement equipment. Enumerated Values: PHOTOMETER measurement of light intensity COLORIMETER measurement of energy along the visible spectrum ILLUMINOMETER measurement of illumination (ambient luminance) This multi-valued attribute shall contain at most one of each enumerated value. When multiple values are present, the equipment is capable of performing multiple functions.
>Measured Characteristics | (0028,7026) | Characteristic(s) which are measured by the measurement equipment. Enumerated Values: UNIFORMITY Luminance uniformity LUMINANCE Luminance CHROMATICITY Chromaticity ILLUMINANCE Illuminance This multi-valued attribute shall contain at most one of each enumerated value. When multiple values are present, the equipment is capable of measuring multiple characteristics.
>Measurement Equipment Type | (0028,7014) | Type of measurement equipment. See Section C.32.1.2 for Enumerated Values.
>Manufacturer | (0008,0070) | Manufacturer of the measurement equipment.
>Manufacturer's Model Name | (0008,1090) | Manufacturer's model name of the measurement equipment.
>Device Serial Number | (0018,1000) | The measurement equipment serial number.
>DateTime of Last Calibration | (0018,1202) | Date and time of the last calibration of the measurement equipment. ### Note This is likely different than the date of the calibration of the Display System itself.

#### C.32.3.2 Visual Evaluation Result Macro

This macro records the result of a Visual Evaluation QA task by a human for a Display System.

Table C.32.3.2-1. Visual Evaluation Result Macro Attributes

Attribute Name | Tag | Description
--- | --- | ---
Visual Evaluation Test Sequence | (0028,7028) | Test Results of a visual evaluation of the display subsystem output. May include evaluation of multiple test pattern images, as long as all items in this sequence are generated in a single QA test session. One or more Items shall be included in this sequence.
>Test Result | (0028,7029) | Result of a test. Enumerated Values: PASS Evaluated as acceptable FAIL Evaluated as not acceptable SKIP Not evaluated
>Test Result Comment | (0028,702A) | User comment on the result or performance of the test. Might include scoring values that are not intended to be machine readable.
>Test Pattern Code Sequence | (0028,702C) | Coded identification of the test pattern presented for visual evaluation. Only a single Item shall be included in this sequence.
>>Include Table 8.8-1 “Code Sequence Macro Attributes” | Baseline CID 8301 “Test Pattern Codes”.
>Referenced Image Sequence | (0008,1140) | Reference to the image instance containing the test pattern presented for visual evaluation. Only a single Item shall be included in this Sequence. Required if Test Pattern Code Sequence (0028,702C) is absent in this item. May be present otherwise.
>>Test Image Validation | (0028,702B) | Indication of whether the test image was validated as matching the characteristics of the display system (e.g., resolution and bit depth). Enumerated Values: MATCHED the test image was determined to match UNMATCHED the test image was not determined to match
Visual Evaluation Method Code Sequence | (0028,702E) | Coded description of the methodology used during this visual evaluation. Only a single Item shall be included in this sequence.
>>Include Table 8.8-1 “Code Sequence Macro Attributes” | Baseline CID 8300 “Visual Evaluation Methods”.

#### C.32.3.3 Luminance Uniformity Result Macro

This macro records the result of a Luminance Uniformity QA task for a Display Subsystem.

Table C.32.3.3-1. Luminance Uniformity Result Macro Attributes

Attribute Name | Tag | Description
--- | --- | ---
Number of Luminance Points | (0028,701B) | The number of luminance measurements recorded. The number depends on the test pattern specified in the Measurement Pattern Code Sequence (0028,702D). ### Note Most commonly the value is 5, which is a total of the locations on the faceplate of the Display Device (center and four corners) as defined by the TG18-UNL80 or TG18-UNL10 test pattern.
Measurement Pattern Code Sequence | (0028,702D) | Definition of the locations on the display device at which luminance measurements were taken. One measurement is recorded for each location.
>Include Table 8.8-1 “Code Sequence Macro Attributes” | Baseline CID 8302 “Measurement Pattern Codes”.
DDL Value | (0028,7017) | The integer Digital Driving Level (DDL) at which the luminance values were measured. ### Note Luminance Uniformity measurement uses the same DDL value for all measurements.
White Point Flag | (0028,7021) | Whether white point values were also recorded at each location. Enumerated Values: YES NO
Luminance Response Sequence | (0028,701C) | Recorded Luminance Response Values The number of Items shall match the value of Number of Luminance Points (0028, 701B). The Items shall be stored in major row order (from left to right then from top to bottom).
>Luminance Value | (0028,701F) | Luminance in candelas per square meter (cd/m2) at the measurement location. ### Note Each measured luminance includes both ambient light and light from the display device.
>CIExy White Point | (0028,7018) | White Point at the measurement location, The white point is recorded as a CIE xy chromaticity with two dimensionless floating point values where the first is the x value and the second is the y value.
Reflected Ambient Light | (2010,0160) | Reflected ambient light in candelas per square meter (cd/m2) when the measurements were taken.
Ambient Light Value Source | (0028,7025) | Source of the ambient light value. Enumerated Values: DEFAULT a configured default value was used. MEASURED the value was measured at the time of the other measurements. PROVIDED the value was provided by an external source.

#### C.32.3.4 Luminance Result Macro

This macro records the result of a Luminance QA task for a Display Subsystem.

Table C.32.3.4-1. Luminance Result Macro Attributes

Attribute Name | Tag | Description
--- | --- | ---
Number of Luminance Points | (0028,701B) | The number of luminance measurements recorded.
Luminance Response Sequence | (0028,701C) | Measured Luminance Response Values The number of Items shall match the value of Number of Luminance Points (0028,701B).
>DDL Value | (0028,7017) | The integer Digital Driving Level (DDL) at which this luminance value was measured. The DDL Value for the first item in the sequence shall be 0. The DDL Value of the last item in the sequence shall be the maximum DDL value. Two items in the sequence shall not have the same DDL value. The DDL Value of the items in the sequence shall increase monotonically.
>Luminance Value | (0028,701F) | Luminance in candelas per square meter (cd/m2) at the measurement location. ### Note Each measured luminance includes both ambient light and light from the display device.
>CIExy White Point | (0028,7018) | A single measured white point recorded for the display subsystem. The white point is recorded as a CIE xy chromaticity with two dimensionless floating point values where the first is the x value and the second is the y value.
Reflected Ambient Light | (2010,0160) | Reflected ambient light in candelas per square meter (cd/m2) when the measurements were taken.
Ambient Light Value Source | (0028,7025) | Source of the ambient light value. Enumerated Values: DEFAULT a configured default value was used. MEASURED the value was measured at the time of the other measurements. PROVIDED the value was provided by an external source.

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